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Cardiolipin supports respiratory enzymes in plants in different ways

In eukaryotes the presence of the dimeric phospholipid cardiolipin (CL) is limited to the mitochondrial membranes. It resides predominantly in the inner membrane where it interacts with components of the mitochondrial electron transfer chain. CL …

A general framework for the evaluation of genetic association studies using multiple marginal models

Objective: In this study, we present a simultaneous inference procedure as a unified analysis framework for genetic association studies. Methods: The method is based on the formulation of multiple marginal models that reflect different modes of …

Isolation, Structure Elucidation, Biosynthesis, and Synthesis of Antalid, a Secondary Metabolite from Polyangium species

The isolation, structure elucidation, and synthesis of antalid (1), a novel secondary metabolite from Polyangium sp., is described herein. The structure elucidation of 1 was performed with the aid of mass spectrometry, high field NMR experiments, and …

Analysis of statistical interactions in factorial experiments

Two or higher-order factorial designs are very common in agricultural and horticultural experiments. The evaluation of such trials by analysis of variance (anova) and the corresponding F-tests for the interaction effects covers only a global decision …

Statistical evaluation of toxicological assays with zero or near-to-zero proportions or counts in the concurrent negative control group: a tutorial

In toxicological studies interest often lies in proportions or counts for which an increase in the dose group over control indicates a safety risk. Additionally, the control group observes values that are zero or near-to-zero for endpoints …

Testing for qualitative interaction using ratios of treatment differences

Testing for or against a qualitative interaction is relevant in randomized clinical trials that use a common primary factor treatment and have a secondary factor, such as the centre, region, subgroup, gender or biomarker. Interaction contrasts are …

Detecting qualitative interactions in clinical trials with binary responses

This study considers the detection of treatment-by-subset interactions in a stratified, randomised clinical trial with a binary-response variable. The focus lies on the detection of qualitative interactions. In addition, the presented method is …

Configurational assignment of secondary hydroxyl groups and methyl branches in polyketide natural products through bioinformatic analysis of the ketoreductase domain

Profile hidden Markov models (HMMs) were used to predict the configuration of secondary alcohols and α-methyl branches of modular polyketides. Based on the configurations of two chiral centers in these polyketides, 78 ketoreductases were classified …

The use of historical controls in estimating simultaneous confidence intervals for comparisons against a concurrent control

In a typical toxicity bioassay, an untreated control group and several groups of increasing dosage are studied. The use of historical control data from previous trials provides additional information for statistical analysis. It is assumed that …